Why Database Use

Any organization, be it a bank, Manufacturing company, Hospital, university, Conglomerate of a Governments departments , requires huge amount of data in some form or other. All such organization need reo collect data manipulate them and store them for future use. All such types of organization require data for a number of purposes, say;

A)  Preparing sales reports

B)  Forecasting sales

C)  Preparing accounts reports

D)  Getting medical histories of patients

Thus, we can say that data are very vital corporate resources. The amount of data used these data in organizations can be measured in the range of some billions of bytes or characters. The financial investment involved is also very high, Many organizations have become cortically dependent on the continued and successful operations of databases.

What is Database Management System ?

A database management system is an organized collection of facts. In other words we can say that it is a collection of information arranged and presented to serve an assigned purpose.

An example of a database is dictionary, where words are arranged alphabetically. Another example is a telephone directory, where subscriber’s names are listed in alphabetically order. Similarly, when you think of a box of cards with name and addresses written as a mailing list, then the box and its contents form a mailing database. Figure contains cards with mailing addresses. All these cards are placed in alphabetically order of names and the collection of these cards would be called a database.

Note: - Thus information stored in a database is arranged in a particular order.

In order to keep database updated, we may need to perform operation like adding information, removing information, editing existing information, etc. Take the case of a telephone diary, in which you note down the names, address and phone numbers of your friends. This is also a type of database. If you make new friends, you note the information about him /her in the diary which is equivalent to adding data to a database. If address of your friends changes then you note the new address in your diary which means editing a database. If you want to send a letter to your friend then you look into the diary to locate the address. This is called searching a database.

In case your telephone diary captains very large numbers of names, address, phone numbers, moreover, the name are not arranged in any orders. Thus , it would be very difficult to locate the names , address, and phone numbers of your friends .thus It is essential to arrange the names in some order, say alphabetically ,to make search easy, However as the number of friends gets larger, managing the database manually become difficult . A database management software package is a helpful tool in such a situation.

Botnet

The word Botnet gets its name by joining the words Bot and Net, bot is a short for Robots and Net for Network. In a one line definition, a BotNet is comprised of a network of computers which intends harm to the computer owner and also others. The reason it is known as a Robot Network is because it is "controlled" its master handlers or owners. These handlers or owners turn the infected machine into a zombie, which has no choice but to "obey" their commands. The owners of the infected computers don't even know that their machine is infected.

Botnets still remain the worst problem for computer security professionals. The purpose of a botnet infected computer could range from just stealing data from the local machine to targeting and sabotaging remote machines. Botnets are used to collect information such as usernames and passwords from an infected machine which can lead to compromising credentials, for example username and password to log on to your bank's website.

It could destroy or send over documents of importance such as financial spreadsheets, CAD drawings, confidential documents that could be used in identity theft to its handlers. In some cases, the infected machines are used as mail servers to send SPAM emails or even produce ad-clicks to generate ad based revenue for certain websites. The most malicious use of an infected machine is to infect other machines and make them a part of its own network, and then launch DDOS (distributed denial of service attacks) on another network or website. When a DDOS attack is launched on another network, the website or network under attack gets so overwhelmed by requests that it simply can't keep up and shuts down, denying service to legitimate customers.

Because the nature of an infected machine and its payload could be so different the infection is hard to detect. The most common sources of infection are IRC (internet relay chat), where users join a chatroom and are sent a "file" by another infected user and they accept the transfer. Malware infected websites are also a big source of this problem. You must stay protected by having multiple layers of protection on your network and machines. You must have a firewall (even if it’s a small router based one) on your network, in addition your machines must have spyware and antivirus clients installed on them, and they must be set to do regular updates. There are even some online services such as one from Microsoft (see an article we did aboutMicrosoft’s Live One Care) that can scan your machine of infections. Even with all due software installed, you must do your own due diligence to avoid being infected, do not accept file transfers from unknown sources, do not open emails (with or without attachments) from sources you do not trust, do regular virus and spyware scans of your machine and keep your machine updated with all the patches and security updates from your OS vendor

Creak Windows password

Today we will show you proof of concept on how you can log on to any password protected Windows machine, without knowing the password at all. I am sure you have heard of utilities which will "reset" or "recover the Windows login password for you, but this is way cooler than that, this utility will not write or reset anything to the hard drive. After you are done, on the next reboot the machine will retain its original password. There is no "reset" or lengthy recovery involved. The 5 step process is so easy that after you have seen this, you will be shaking your head

We are going to demonstrate this process on a Windows XP service pack 3 machine, but the process is essentially exactly the same for other versions of Windows such as Windows 7, Vista, Windows Server 2003 or even Windows 2000 workstation and server.

Most of the magic will be done by a nifty utility from Kryptos logic called Kon-Boot, which you can download from its web page located athttp://www.piotrbania.com/all/kon-boot/. This same utility can also be used to log on to Linux systems, but that is outside the scope of this article, we will concentrate only on Windows.

You will need to download the .iso file from the Kon-Boot website and burn it to a CD. If you need instructions on how to burn a CD from an iso image using a free tool, you can read up on it on our article here. Next, make sure that the BIOS is set to boot from the CD drive. With the CD in the drive, boot the machine

Step1:

- After the machine boots from the CD, you will see the splash screen as shown on the left hand side. Simply hit enter to continue

Step 2:

- After hitting enter in the previous step, you will find this second splash screen. This is important as as soon as you hit enter on this screen, you will be taken to the next step, which is booting Windows, there are no other steps to configure here. In a few minutes, the normal Windows boot menu will appear, just proceed as you normally do in your normal logon sequence to Windows

Step 3:

- On Windows Logon screen, fill in the name of the user whom you want to log on as, leave the password blank and hit enter

Step 4:

- Olla! you are logged in! and what's the coolest thing, you have not reset the password for the account at all. It simply let you in because it interacted with the kernel directly using Linux. No alteration was done to any hard drive content at all during the process of logging in.

Step 5:

- Remove the CD from the drive, and reboot. Your machine will now present you the normal ctrl+alt+del screen like it always use to, try logging on with the username we tried before with the blank password! The blank password will not work, you can only get in if you knew what the right password was..this demonstrates that the user password was never reset, it still is what it use to be.

As you can see that this nifty little cd can be of many uses, you do not need to reinstall or repair Windows if you have forgotten your password. If you are locked out, you can use this to log in as well. It also brings raises a question on Windows security. Once again, this method is exceptionally fast and does not actually reset the password. If you have for some reason the need to "recover" and "reveal" a user's password, you can use the tutorial I wrote earlier here and it will actually show you what the password is.

If the method I described above, is being used to gain unauthorized access to then there are really only two ways of protecting against such an intrusion:

1. Block Physical access to the machine or prevent users from hooking in USB devices or booting from CD ROMs and floppies

2. Encrypt your sensitive data. We will cover a step by step article on how to use encryption to protect your data in a forthcoming article

Hopefully this has been informative for you. If you have any further questions, please do leave us a comment or contact us through the Contact Us link on this web site.

How to bind Data grid view in C#

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;




namespace Wpf
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection("Data Source=.\\sqlexpress;Initial Catalog=school;Integrated Security=True");
        SqlDataAdapter ad1 = new SqlDataAdapter();
       
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ad1 = new SqlDataAdapter("Select * from Table1", con);
            SqlCommandBuilder commandBuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(ad1);
            DataTable table = new DataTable();
            table.Locale = System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
            ad1.Fill(table);          
            dataGridView1.DataSource = table;


        }


        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Window1 win = new Window1();
            win.Show();
        }
    }
}
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How to Create Read only comboBox in C#

When you  create read only comboBox then you use two Events 

1. KeyPress
2. KeyDown

1.KeyPress Event:-
                                 Keypress Event arguments handled property is true.this property to all keypress object is handled and event is fire to no argument is apply all is handled by e.
e is a object that handled events.


2.KeyDown:-
                        In KeyDown Events all object handled by e object like Ctrl + C ,key arrows,keysdata etc are handled to this event to read only comboBox in C# this cod is very useful to this problem.
------------------------------ See this source code----------------------------------

  private void comboBox1_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
        {
            e.Handled = true;
           
        }


        private void comboBox1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.KeyData == (Keys)Shortcut.CtrlC)
            {
                Clipboard.SetData(DataFormats.Text, comboBox1.SelectedText);
            }
            else if (e.KeyData == Keys.Left || e.KeyData == Keys.Right || e.KeyData == Keys.Up || e.KeyData == Keys.Down) { }
            else
            {
                e.Handled = true;
            }
        }